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• Mac Pro Specs
• Droplet For Meningitis Cdc
• Droplet Machine

• About Dropbox Droplet Widget Allows you to easily share large files with multiple people using the popular (and free) Dropbox service.
• To create a droplet with Automator, you select application, when Automator asks you what you want to create. The description given by the application, when you select application is the following: Applications are self-running workflows. Any files or folders dropped onto an.

Processing Dropped Files and Folders

Droplets are applets configured to process dropped files and folders. A droplet is distinguishable from a normal applet because its icon includes a downward pointing arrow, as shown in Figure 17-1.

To create an AppleScript droplet, include an open event handler in your script and save the script as an application. To create a JavaScript droplet, include an openDocuments function in your script and save the script as an application. The presence of this handler or function automatically renders the saved application as a droplet, allowing it to accept dropped files and folders in the Finder. The open handler and openDocuments function accept a single parameter—a list of dropped files or folders—which are passed to the handler when the script is activated by dropping something onto it. In AppleScript, these dropped files and folders are alias objects. In JavaScript, they’re Path objects. For more information about these types of objects, see Referencing Files and Folders.

An AppleScript open handler is formatted as shown in Listing 17-1.

APPLESCRIPT

1. on open theDroppedItems
2. -- Process the dropped items here
3. end open

A JavaScript openDocuments function is formatted as shown in Listing 17-2.

JAVASCRIPT

1. function openDocuments(droppedItems) {
2. // Process the dropped items here
3. }

Typically, a droplet loops through items dropped onto it, processing them individually, as in Listing 17-3 and Listing 17-4.

APPLESCRIPT

1. on open theDroppedItems
2. repeat with a from 1 to length of theDroppedItems
3. set theCurrentDroppedItem to item a of theDroppedItems
4. -- Process each dropped item here
5. end repeat
6. end open

JAVASCRIPT

Mac Pro Specs

1. function openDocuments(droppedItems) {
2. for (var item of droppedItems) {
3. // Process each dropped item here
4. }
5. }

To run a droplet, drop files or folders onto it in the Finder. To test a droplet in Script Editor, add the following line(s) of code to the root level—the run handler portion—of the script. Listing 17-5 and Listing 17-6 prompt you to select a file and then passes it to the open handler or openDocuments function.

APPLESCRIPT

JAVASCRIPT

1. var app = Application.currentApplication()
2. app.includeStandardAdditions = true
3. var file = app.chooseFile()
4. openDocuments([file])

Creating an AppleScript Droplet from a Script Editor Template

Script Editor includes several preconfigured AppleScript droplet templates, which solve the majority of droplet use cases.

Note

Script Editor does not include JavaScript templates at this time.

1. Launch Script Editor from /Applications/Utilities/.

2. Choose a droplet template.

   Options include:

   • Droplet with Settable Properties—This template processes dropped files based on file type, extension, or type identifier. It also demonstrates how to include a user-configurable setting, which affects the behavior of the script.

   • Recursive File Processing Droplet—This template processes dropped files based on file type, extension, or type identifier. It is configured to detect files within dropped folders and their subfolders.

   • Recursive Image File Processing Droplet—This template processes image files matching specific file types, extensions, or type identifiers. It is configured to detect images within dropped folders and their subfolders.

   All of these templates are designed to serve as starting points for creating a droplet, and can be customized, as needed.

Creating a Droplet to Process Files

In Listing 17-7 and Listing 17-8, the open handler and openDocuments function process dropped files based on file type, extension, or type identifier. The file types, extensions, and type identifiers supported by the handler are configurable in properties at the top of the script. If a dropped file matches the criteria you configure, then the file is passed to the processItem() handler, where you can add custom file processing code. These examples are not configured to process dropped folders.

APPLESCRIPT

1. property theFileTypesToProcess : {} -- For example: {'PICT', 'JPEG', 'TIFF', 'GIFf'}
2. property theExtensionsToProcess : {} -- For example: {'txt', 'text', 'jpg', 'jpeg'}, NOT: {'.txt', '.text', '.jpg', '.jpeg'}
3. property theTypeIdentifiersToProcess : {} -- For example: {'public.jpeg', 'public.tiff', 'public.png'}
4. on open theDroppedItems
5. repeat with a from 1 to count of theDroppedItems
6. set theCurrentItem to item a of theDroppedItems
7. tell application 'System Events'
8. set theExtension to name extension of theCurrentItem
9. set theFileType to file type of theCurrentItem
10. set theTypeIdentifier to type identifier of theCurrentItem
11. end tell
12. if ((theFileTypesToProcess contains theFileType) or (theExtensionsToProcess contains theExtension) or (theTypeIdentifiersToProcess contains theTypeIdentifier)) then
13. processItem(theCurrentItem)
14. end if
15. end repeat
16. end open
17. on processItem(theItem)
18. -- NOTE: The variable theItem is a file reference in AppleScript alias format
19. -- Add item processing code here
20. end processItem

JAVASCRIPT

1. var SystemEvents = Application('System Events')
2. var fileTypesToProcess = [] // For example: {'PICT', 'JPEG', 'TIFF', 'GIFf'}
3. var extensionsToProcess = [] // For example: {'txt', 'text', 'jpg', 'jpeg'}, NOT: {'.txt', '.text', '.jpg', '.jpeg'}
4. var typeIdentifiersToProcess = [] // For example: {'public.jpeg', 'public.tiff', 'public.png'}
5. function openDocuments(droppedItems) {
6. for (var item of droppedItems) {
7. var alias = SystemEvents.aliases.byName(item.toString())
8. var extension = alias.nameExtension()
9. var fileType = alias.fileType()
10. var typeIdentifier = alias.typeIdentifier()
11. if (fileTypesToProcess.includes(fileType) || extensionsToProcess.includes(extension) || typeIdentifiersToProcess.includes(typeIdentifier)) {
12. processItem(item)
13. }
14. }
15. }
16. function processItem(item) {
17. // NOTE: The variable item is an instance of the Path object
18. // Add item processing code here
19. }

Creating a Droplet to Process Files and Folders

In Listing 17-9 and Listing 17-10, the open handler and openDocuments function loop through any dropped files and folders.

For each dropped file, the script calls the processFile() handler, which determines whether the file matches specific file types, extensions, and type identifiers. The file types, extensions, and type identifiers supported by the handler are configurable in properties at the top of the script. If there’s a match, then any custom file processing code you add runs.

The script passes each dropped folder to the processFolder(), which retrieves a list of files and subfolders within the dropped folder. The processFolder() handler recursively calls itself to process any additional subfolders. It calls the processFile() handler to process any detected files. If necessary, you can add custom folder processing code to the processFolder() handler.

APPLESCRIPT

1. property theFileTypesToProcess : {} -- I.e. {'PICT', 'JPEG', 'TIFF', 'GIFf'}
2. property theExtensionsToProcess : {} -- I.e. {'txt', 'text', 'jpg', 'jpeg'}, NOT: {'.txt', '.text', '.jpg', '.jpeg'}
3. property theTypeIdentifiersToProcess : {} -- I.e. {'public.jpeg', 'public.tiff', 'public.png'}
4. on open theDroppedItems
5. repeat with a from 1 to count of theDroppedItems
6. set theCurrentItem to item a of theDroppedItems
7. tell application 'Finder'
8. set isFolder to folder (theCurrentItem as string) exists
9. end tell
10. -- Process a dropped folder
11. if isFolder = true then
12. processFolder(theCurrentItem)
13. -- Process a dropped file
14. else
15. processFile(theCurrentItem)
16. end if
17. end repeat
18. end open
19. on processFolder(theFolder)
20. -- NOTE: The variable theFolder is a folder reference in AppleScript alias format
21. -- Retrieve a list of any visible items in the folder
22. set theFolderItems to list folder theFolder without invisibles
23. -- Loop through the visible folder items
24. repeat with a from 1 to count of theFolderItems
25. set theCurrentItem to ((theFolder as string) & (item a of theFolderItems)) as alias
26. open {theCurrentItem}
27. end repeat
28. -- Add additional folder processing code here
29. end processFolder
30. on processFile(theItem)
31. -- NOTE: variable theItem is a file reference in AppleScript alias format
32. tell application 'System Events'
33. set theExtension to name extension of theItem
34. set theFileType to file type of theItem
35. set theTypeIdentifier to type identifier of theItem
36. end tell
37. if ((theFileTypesToProcess contains theFileType) or (theExtensionsToProcess contains theExtension) or (theTypeIdentifiersToProcess contains theTypeIdentifier)) then
38. -- Add file processing code here
39. display dialog theItem as string
40. end if
41. end processFile

JAVASCRIPT

1. var SystemEvents = Application('System Events')
2. var fileManager = $.NSFileManager.defaultManager
3. var currentApp = Application.currentApplication()
4. currentApp.includeStandardAdditions = true
5. var fileTypesToProcess = [] // For example: {'PICT', 'JPEG', 'TIFF', 'GIFf'}
6. var extensionsToProcess = [] // For example: {'txt', 'text', 'jpg', 'jpeg'}, NOT: {'.txt', '.text', '.jpg', '.jpeg'}
7. var typeIdentifiersToProcess = [] // For example: {'public.jpeg', 'public.tiff', 'public.png'}
8. function openDocuments(droppedItems) {
9. for (var item of droppedItems) {
10. var isDir = Ref()
11. if (fileManager.fileExistsAtPathIsDirectory(item.toString(), isDir) && isDir[0]) {
12. processFolder(item)
13. }
14. else {
15. processFile(item)
16. }
17. }
18. }
19. function processFolder(folder) {
20. // NOTE: The variable folder is an instance of the Path object
21. var folderString = folder.toString()
22. // Retrieve a list of any visible items in the folder
23. var folderItems = currentApp.listFolder(folder, { invisibles: false })
24. // Loop through the visible folder items
25. for (var item of folderItems) {
26. var currentItem = `${folderString}/${item}`
27. openDocuments([currentItem])
28. }
29. // Add additional folder processing code here
30. }
31. function processFile(file) {
32. // NOTE: The variable file is an instance of the Path object
33. var fileString = file.toString()
34. var alias = SystemEvents.aliases.byName(fileString)
35. var extension = alias.nameExtension()
36. var fileType = alias.fileType()
37. var typeIdentifier = alias.typeIdentifier()
38. if (fileTypesToProcess.includes(fileType) || extensionsToProcess.includes(extension) || typeIdentifiersToProcess.includes(typeIdentifier)) {
39. // Add file processing code here
40. }
41. }

Copyright © 2018 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Updated: 2016-06-13

Judith S Currier, MD

• Professor of Medicine
• University of California, Los Angeles

John G Bartlett, MD

• Editor-in-Chief — Infectious Diseases
• Section Editor — HIV; Pulmonary Infections
• Professor Emeritus
• Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Rajesh T Gandhi, MD, FIDSA

• Section Editor — Opportunistic Infections
• Professor of Medicine
• Harvard Medical School

Jennifer Mitty, MD, MPH

• Deputy Editor — Infectious Diseases
• Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine
• Alpert Medical School of Brown University

INTRODUCTION

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) refers to infections caused by one of two nontuberculous mycobacterial species, either M. avium or M. intracellulare. Infection with these organisms can occur in patients with or without HIV infection. The two principal forms of MAC infection in patients with HIV are disseminated disease and focal lymphadenitis. By contrast, isolated pulmonary infection is typically seen in immunocompetent patients, often in those with structural lung disease.

Among persons with HIV, MAC infection is most commonly seen among those with a CD4 count <50 cells/microL. Dramatic declines in the rate of new MAC cases accompanied the use of prophylaxis against MAC infection early in the epidemic, and more recently, the widespread use of effective antiretroviral therapy [1-3].

Droplet For Meningitis Cdc

The epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of MAC infection in HIV disease will be reviewed here. MAC infections in patients without HIV are discussed separately. (See 'Microbiology of nontuberculous mycobacteria' and 'Overview of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections' and 'Treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary infection in adults'.)

EPIDEMIOLOGY

The incidence of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in persons with HIV has decreased with the widespread use of potent antiretroviral therapy (ART) [4]. In studies published in the early 1990s, the incidence of disseminated MAC ranged from 20 to 40 percent in patients with advanced immunosuppression not receiving MAC prophylaxis [5,6]. However, with the widespread use of effective ART, the incidence has decreased to ≤2 cases per 1000 person-years among individuals in care [7-9].

The risk of MAC infection in patients with HIV increases as the CD4 count declines below 50 cells/microL. Other risk factors include HIV RNA levels >1000 copies/mL, ongoing viral replication despite ART, and previous or concurrent opportunistic infections (OIs) [4]. In an observational study that included 135 patients who were diagnosed with MAC after the year 2000, most cases were seen in minority populations, and in those with delayed entry and/or failure to consistently engage care [8].

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Droplet Machine

1. Panel on Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents. Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected adults and adolescents: Recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/contentfiles/lvguidelines/adult_oi.pdf (Accessed on February 15, 2019).